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[Logic Design] Lec 02 - 布林代數

Rain Hu

基本邏輯運算

Logic Gates

Not Gates

And Gates

Or Gates

布林表達式與真值表(Boolean Expression and Truth Table)

基本運算定理

NOT gate 的基本運算定理

(x)=x\boxed{ \def\arraystretch{1.5}\begin{array}{ccc} (x')'&=&x \end{array} }

AND gate 的基本運算定理

x+0=xx+1=1x+x=xx+x=1\boxed{ \def\arraystretch{1.5}\begin{array}{ccc} x+0&=&x\\\\ x+1&=&1\\\\ x+x&=&x\\\\ x+x'&=&1 \end{array} }

OR gate 的基本運算定理

x0=0x1=xxx=xxx=0\boxed{ \def\arraystretch{1.5}\begin{array}{ccc} x\cdot 0&=&0\\\\ x\cdot 1&=&x\\\\ x\cdot x&=&x\\\\ x\cdot x'&=&0 \end{array} }

進階運算定理

交換律 Commutative Law

xy=yxx+y=y+x\boxed{ \def\arraystretch{1.5}\begin{array}{ccc} xy&=&yx\\\\ x+y&=&y+x \end{array} }

結合律 Associative Law

(xy)z=x(yz)(x+y)+z=x+(y+z)\boxed{ \def\arraystretch{1.5}\begin{array}{ccc} (xy)z&=&x(yz)\\\\ (x+y)+z&=&x+(y+z) \end{array} }

分配律 Distributive Law

x(y+z)=xy+xzx+yz=(x+y)(x+z)\boxed{ \def\arraystretch{1.5}\begin{array}{ccc} x(y+z)&=&xy+xz\\\\ x+yz&=&(x+y)(x+z) \end{array} }

Multiplying out and factoring

Sum of Product(SOP) form

Product of Sum(POS) form

Multiplying out:

Factoring:

2-level realization

DeMorgan’s Laws and Duality

DeMorgan’s Laws

Duality

Exclusive-OR and equivalence operations

Exlusive-OR(XOR,\oplus)

Equivalence(\equiv)

連鎖律 The consensus thorem

簡化布林表達式的流程

  1. 利用 xy+xy=x(y+y)=x\boxed{xy+xy'=x(y+y')=x}(AND性質)
  2. 利用 x+xy+...=x(1+y+...)=x\boxed{x+xy+...=x(1+y+...)=x}(OR性質)
  3. 利用 xy+xz+yz=xy+xz\boxed{xy+x' z+yz=xy+x'z }(連鎖律)
  4. 利用 x+xy=x(y+y)+xy=xy+xy+xy=x+y\boxed{x+x'y=x(y+y')+x'y=xy+xy'+x' y=x+y}
  5. 必要時加入 redundant terms

如何證明布林表達式的正確性?

  1. 建構 Truth Table
  2. 簡化 LHS 和 RHS

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